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[title] => Zagađenje zraka uzrok 160.000 smrti u velikim gradovima: mjere ograničenja zbog korone samo su ga privremeno ‘očistile‘, situacija je zabrinjavajuća
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Unatoč poboljšanoj kvaliteti zraka zbog epidemioloških mjera zagađenje zraka izazvalo je oko 160 000 preuranjenih smrti u pet najnaseljenijih gradova svijeta, objavili su znanstvenici pozivajući vlade da odbace fosilna goriva i ulože u razvoj čiste energije.
Prema izvješću nevladine organizacije za zaštitu okoliša Greenpeace Southeast Asia najpogođeniji je New Delhi, najzagađeniji glavni grad na svijetu, u kojemu je 54 000 smrti prošle godine bilo rezultat opasnih čestica PM2.5.
U Tokiju prerano je zbog zagađenja umrlo 40 000 ljudi, a slijede Šangaj, Sao Paulo i Mexico, prema izvješću koje je proučavalo utjecaj mikroskopskih čestica PM2.5 koje su rezultat izgaranja foslnih goriva.
Ekonomski gubici koji su rezultat zagađenja procjenjuju se na 85 milijarda dolara u tim gradovima.
"Kada vlade odaberu ugljen, naftu i plin umjesto čiste energije naše zdravlje plaća cijenu", kaže Avinash Chanchal, aktivist Greenpeace India.
"Nekoliko mjeseci ograničenja nije načelo dugoročne prosjeke zagađenja zraka kojima su ljudi izloženi", kaže znanstvenik Aidan Farrow iz istraživačkog laboratorija Greenpeace na britanskom sveučilištu Exeter.
"Pomalo je šokantno vidjeti koliko je bilo preokreta i svejedno imamo još posla na poboljšanju kvalitete zraka", kazao je za Thomson Reuters Foundation.
Čestice PM2.5 smatra se najopasnijima po zdravlje jer oštećuju srce i pluća te povećavaju rizike za teške oblike astme. Neka su istraživanja povezala te čestice i s većim rizikom od smrti od covida-19.
Zagađenje zraka najveći je pojedinačni faktor u okolišu koji globalno ugrožava ljudsko zdravlje i godišnje ubija sedam milijuna ljudi, prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji (WHO).
Prema WHO-u 90 posto osoba udiše zagađeni zrak što je povezano s moždanim udarima, rakom pluća i srčanim bolestima i sad je izjednačen s uživanjem duhana, upozoravaju zdravstvdeni stručnjaci.
Znanstvenici su koristili računalne modele koji procjenjuju utjecaj čestica PM 2.5 na zdravlje na temelju podataka o kvaliteti zraka tehnološke tvrtke za mjerenje kvalitete zraka IQAir, znastvenih modela procjene rizika te podataka o zdravlju stanovništva za 28 gradova.
Model su razvili u suradnji Greenpeace, IQAir i Centar za istraživanja energije i čistog zraka.
Mjere ograničenja uvedene u okviru borbe protiv epidemije koronavirusa ispraznile su ulice i izazvala prekid rada industrija koje zagađuje te privremeno 'očistile' zrak iznad velikih gradova.
Problem zagađenja najviše pogađa azijske gradove zbog prometa, termoelektrana na ugljen, građevinskog sektora, krčenja šuma i spaljivanja biljnog materijala, loženja drva i otpada.
New Delhi, primjerice, prošao je dramatičnu preobrazbu tijekom prošle godine kad su stanovnici u vrijeme mjera ograničenja mogli uživati u azurnom nebu i čistom zraku.
Znanstvenici smatraju da su mjere ograničenja protiv koronavirusa morale rezultirati smanjenim brojem umrlih od zagađenja.
Greenpeace poziva vlade da ulože u obnovljive izvore energije.
"Kako bismo doista očistili zrak vlade moraju prestati graditi nove termoelektrane na ugljen, rashodovati postojeće termoelektrane, uložiti u čistu energiju poput vjetra i sunca", kazao je glavni znanstvenik organizacije Farrow za AFP.
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Unatoč poboljšanoj kvaliteti zraka zbog epidemioloških mjera zagađenje zraka izazvalo je oko 160 000 preuranjenih smrti u pet najnaseljenijih gradova svijeta, objavili su znanstvenici pozivajući vlade da odbace fosilna goriva i ulože u razvoj čiste energije.
Prema izvješću nevladine organizacije za zaštitu okoliša Greenpeace Southeast Asia najpogođeniji je New Delhi, najzagađeniji glavni grad na svijetu, u kojemu je 54 000 smrti prošle godine bilo rezultat opasnih čestica PM2.5.
U Tokiju prerano je zbog zagađenja umrlo 40 000 ljudi, a slijede Šangaj, Sao Paulo i Mexico, prema izvješću koje je proučavalo utjecaj mikroskopskih čestica PM2.5 koje su rezultat izgaranja foslnih goriva.
Ekonomski gubici koji su rezultat zagađenja procjenjuju se na 85 milijarda dolara u tim gradovima.
"Kada vlade odaberu ugljen, naftu i plin umjesto čiste energije naše zdravlje plaća cijenu", kaže Avinash Chanchal, aktivist Greenpeace India.
"Nekoliko mjeseci ograničenja nije načelo dugoročne prosjeke zagađenja zraka kojima su ljudi izloženi", kaže znanstvenik Aidan Farrow iz istraživačkog laboratorija Greenpeace na britanskom sveučilištu Exeter.
"Pomalo je šokantno vidjeti koliko je bilo preokreta i svejedno imamo još posla na poboljšanju kvalitete zraka", kazao je za Thomson Reuters Foundation.
Čestice PM2.5 smatra se najopasnijima po zdravlje jer oštećuju srce i pluća te povećavaju rizike za teške oblike astme. Neka su istraživanja povezala te čestice i s većim rizikom od smrti od covida-19.
Zagađenje zraka najveći je pojedinačni faktor u okolišu koji globalno ugrožava ljudsko zdravlje i godišnje ubija sedam milijuna ljudi, prema Svjetskoj zdravstvenoj organizaciji (WHO).
Prema WHO-u 90 posto osoba udiše zagađeni zrak što je povezano s moždanim udarima, rakom pluća i srčanim bolestima i sad je izjednačen s uživanjem duhana, upozoravaju zdravstvdeni stručnjaci.
Znanstvenici su koristili računalne modele koji procjenjuju utjecaj čestica PM 2.5 na zdravlje na temelju podataka o kvaliteti zraka tehnološke tvrtke za mjerenje kvalitete zraka IQAir, znastvenih modela procjene rizika te podataka o zdravlju stanovništva za 28 gradova.
Model su razvili u suradnji Greenpeace, IQAir i Centar za istraživanja energije i čistog zraka.
Mjere ograničenja uvedene u okviru borbe protiv epidemije koronavirusa ispraznile su ulice i izazvala prekid rada industrija koje zagađuje te privremeno 'očistile' zrak iznad velikih gradova.
Problem zagađenja najviše pogađa azijske gradove zbog prometa, termoelektrana na ugljen, građevinskog sektora, krčenja šuma i spaljivanja biljnog materijala, loženja drva i otpada.
New Delhi, primjerice, prošao je dramatičnu preobrazbu tijekom prošle godine kad su stanovnici u vrijeme mjera ograničenja mogli uživati u azurnom nebu i čistom zraku.
Znanstvenici smatraju da su mjere ograničenja protiv koronavirusa morale rezultirati smanjenim brojem umrlih od zagađenja.
Greenpeace poziva vlade da ulože u obnovljive izvore energije.
"Kako bismo doista očistili zrak vlade moraju prestati graditi nove termoelektrane na ugljen, rashodovati postojeće termoelektrane, uložiti u čistu energiju poput vjetra i sunca", kazao je glavni znanstvenik organizacije Farrow za AFP.
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19. svibanj 2024 04:51
