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[title] => Nakon sedam mjeseci putovanja NASA-in rover Perseverance trebao bi u četvrtak sletjeti na Mars
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Nakon sedam mjeseci putovanja, NASA-in rover Perseverance priprema se za slijetanje na Mars u četvrtak, što će biti početak višegodišnje potrage za dokazima drevnog mikrobiološkog života na Crvenom Planetu.
Misija "Mars 2020", pokrenuta krajem srpnja s Floride, uključuje najveće vozilo ikad ondje poslano.
Stvoreno je u NASA-inom laboratoriju za mlazni pogon, teži tonu i ima robotsku ruku duljine dva metra. Opremljeno je s 19 kamera i dva mikrofona za snimanje marsovske zvučne kulise.
Ako stigne netaknut, Perseverance će biti tek peti rover koji je uspješno završio putovanje od Zemlje do Marsa.
Svi su američki. Prvi je bio Pathfinder 1997. godine, a posljednji, Curiosity, još je aktivan.
Prošli tjedan je kineska letjelica Tianwen-1 stigla u Marsovu orbitu i nada se da će svoj rover spustiti na planet u svibnju.
Perseverance bi u četvrtak oko 21:55 sati po srednjoeuropskom vremenu spustiti svojih šest kotača na predviđeno sletište na Marsu koje znanstvenik NASA-e Ken Farley opisuje "spektakularnim".
Krater Jezero, nazvan tako po jednom selu u Bosni i Hercegovini, bazen je širine 45 kilometara i nalazi se na Marsovoj sjevernoj polutci. Razmatrao se kao sletište i za ranije misije, ali se do sad smatralo da bi na njega bilo preteško sletjeti.
U kontrolnoj sobi misije bit će manje ljudi nego inače zbog pandemije koronavirusa.
"Pod pretpostavkom da sigurno sleti, ne mislim da će nas covid-19 spriječiti da skačemo i stišćemo šake", rekao je Matt Wallace, zamjenik voditelja misije.
Prve fotografije površine Marsa, ali niske rezolucije, brzo će biti dostupne. Video snimka, uključujući ulazak u atmosferu, očekuje se kasnije.
Jezera i rijeke
Znanstvenici vjeruju da je prije 3,5 milijardi godina krater bio dom rijeci koja se ulijevala u jezero i stvarala talog u delti u obliku lepeze.
"U to doba Mars je na nekoliko važnih načina bio sličan Zemlji", rekao je Farley.
"Imao je gustu atmosferu, imao je jezera i rijeke na površini, naseljiva područja, prostore na kojima su mogli napredovati organizmi kakve danas poznajemo na Zemlji."
Mars je jedino poznato područje na kojem su bili takvi uvjeti izvan našeg planeta.
Mars 2020 prva misija kojoj je glavni cilj dokaz da je ondje nekada postojao život.
Perseverance će u nekoliko godina prikupiti i pohraniti do 30 uzoraka stijena i tla koji će se jednom vratiti na Zemlju i analizirati u laboratorijima.
Najveća brzina mu je 152 metra na sat, što je tromo prema zemaljskim standardima, ali je brži od svih svojih prethodnika. Prvo će prijeći deltu, nekadašnju obalu jezera i na kraju rubove kratera.
Rover bi uzorke mogao vratiti na Zemlju u planiranoj zajedničkoj misiji NASA-e i Europske svemirske agencije 2030-ih.
"Znanstvenici koji će analizirati te uzorke sad su u osnovnoj školi, a možda se još nisu ni rodili", rekao je Farley.
Proizvodnja kisika
Kako bi izgledali ti dugo očekivani znakovi života?
"Ne bismo trebali očekivati fosilne zube, fosilne kosti ili fosilno lišće", rekao je znanstvenik.
To je lov na organske molekule i druge znakove prijašnjeg mikrobiološkog života, što bi bilo "nevjerojatno" otkriće.
Prvi mjeseci misije neće biti posvećeni glavnom cilju. Planirani su neki paralelni eksperimenti. NASA, na primjer, osobito želi po prvi put letjeti na nekom drugom planetu. Helikopter Ingenuity trebao bi se uspinjati u atmosferi koja je danas ima tek jedan posto gustoće Zemljine atmosfere.
Drugi cilj je utrti put budućim ljudskim misijama razvojem sustava koji će stvarati kisik iz ugljičnog dioksida od kojeg se uglavnom sastoji Marsova atmosfera.
Svemirska agencija postavit će instrument Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment (MOXIE) koji će postupkom elektrolize proizvoditi oko 10 grama kisika na sat.
NASA troši oko 2,4 milijarde dolara na misiju Mars 2020. Slijetanje i upravljanje roverom košta oko 300 milijuna dolara.
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Nakon sedam mjeseci putovanja, NASA-in rover Perseverance priprema se za slijetanje na Mars u četvrtak, što će biti početak višegodišnje potrage za dokazima drevnog mikrobiološkog života na Crvenom Planetu.
Misija "Mars 2020", pokrenuta krajem srpnja s Floride, uključuje najveće vozilo ikad ondje poslano.
Stvoreno je u NASA-inom laboratoriju za mlazni pogon, teži tonu i ima robotsku ruku duljine dva metra. Opremljeno je s 19 kamera i dva mikrofona za snimanje marsovske zvučne kulise.
Ako stigne netaknut, Perseverance će biti tek peti rover koji je uspješno završio putovanje od Zemlje do Marsa.
Svi su američki. Prvi je bio Pathfinder 1997. godine, a posljednji, Curiosity, još je aktivan.
Prošli tjedan je kineska letjelica Tianwen-1 stigla u Marsovu orbitu i nada se da će svoj rover spustiti na planet u svibnju.
Perseverance bi u četvrtak oko 21:55 sati po srednjoeuropskom vremenu spustiti svojih šest kotača na predviđeno sletište na Marsu koje znanstvenik NASA-e Ken Farley opisuje "spektakularnim".
Krater Jezero, nazvan tako po jednom selu u Bosni i Hercegovini, bazen je širine 45 kilometara i nalazi se na Marsovoj sjevernoj polutci. Razmatrao se kao sletište i za ranije misije, ali se do sad smatralo da bi na njega bilo preteško sletjeti.
U kontrolnoj sobi misije bit će manje ljudi nego inače zbog pandemije koronavirusa.
"Pod pretpostavkom da sigurno sleti, ne mislim da će nas covid-19 spriječiti da skačemo i stišćemo šake", rekao je Matt Wallace, zamjenik voditelja misije.
Prve fotografije površine Marsa, ali niske rezolucije, brzo će biti dostupne. Video snimka, uključujući ulazak u atmosferu, očekuje se kasnije.
Jezera i rijeke
Znanstvenici vjeruju da je prije 3,5 milijardi godina krater bio dom rijeci koja se ulijevala u jezero i stvarala talog u delti u obliku lepeze.
"U to doba Mars je na nekoliko važnih načina bio sličan Zemlji", rekao je Farley.
"Imao je gustu atmosferu, imao je jezera i rijeke na površini, naseljiva područja, prostore na kojima su mogli napredovati organizmi kakve danas poznajemo na Zemlji."
Mars je jedino poznato područje na kojem su bili takvi uvjeti izvan našeg planeta.
Mars 2020 prva misija kojoj je glavni cilj dokaz da je ondje nekada postojao život.
Perseverance će u nekoliko godina prikupiti i pohraniti do 30 uzoraka stijena i tla koji će se jednom vratiti na Zemlju i analizirati u laboratorijima.
Najveća brzina mu je 152 metra na sat, što je tromo prema zemaljskim standardima, ali je brži od svih svojih prethodnika. Prvo će prijeći deltu, nekadašnju obalu jezera i na kraju rubove kratera.
Rover bi uzorke mogao vratiti na Zemlju u planiranoj zajedničkoj misiji NASA-e i Europske svemirske agencije 2030-ih.
"Znanstvenici koji će analizirati te uzorke sad su u osnovnoj školi, a možda se još nisu ni rodili", rekao je Farley.
Proizvodnja kisika
Kako bi izgledali ti dugo očekivani znakovi života?
"Ne bismo trebali očekivati fosilne zube, fosilne kosti ili fosilno lišće", rekao je znanstvenik.
To je lov na organske molekule i druge znakove prijašnjeg mikrobiološkog života, što bi bilo "nevjerojatno" otkriće.
Prvi mjeseci misije neće biti posvećeni glavnom cilju. Planirani su neki paralelni eksperimenti. NASA, na primjer, osobito želi po prvi put letjeti na nekom drugom planetu. Helikopter Ingenuity trebao bi se uspinjati u atmosferi koja je danas ima tek jedan posto gustoće Zemljine atmosfere.
Drugi cilj je utrti put budućim ljudskim misijama razvojem sustava koji će stvarati kisik iz ugljičnog dioksida od kojeg se uglavnom sastoji Marsova atmosfera.
Svemirska agencija postavit će instrument Mars Oxygen In-Situ Resource Utilization Experiment (MOXIE) koji će postupkom elektrolize proizvoditi oko 10 grama kisika na sat.
NASA troši oko 2,4 milijarde dolara na misiju Mars 2020. Slijetanje i upravljanje roverom košta oko 300 milijuna dolara.
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13. svibanj 2024 12:56
